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Firstly, it should be noted that the Ottoman Empire, the country responsible for the Armenian Genocide was not a Nation-State that was defined by nationalism and the Nationalistic Turkish Consciousness was in its developing stages. In the next five years, with the arrival of Ataturk and the Fall of the Ottoman Empire, proper nationalism emerges. Therefore any of the ethnic/religious/tribal sentiments that are today considered nationalistic were not at the point.

That being said, these ethnic, religious, and tribal sentiments were certainly prevalent in Eastern Anatolia and the Caucasus during this point in history. Turks defined themselves as a settled people of nomadic heritage with a unique (for the region) language who were conservative Moslems. The Armenians were a sedentary, Christian people in a very un-Turkish way creating an in-group/out-group mentality. As a result, the fact that these non-Turks had desirable tracts of land in Eastern Anatolia motivated militarized Turks to seize this territory and force the Armenians to resettle to less desirable lands.

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