When do you pay Capital gains taxes?

Answer 1

Capital gains are taxes that you pay on profit as a result of selling an asset. Usually you reconcile these when you do your IRS tax returns. You get a credit for the cost of the house (and improvements), land, stocks or similar item (the "cost basis") and so just pay income tax on the remaining amount (the profit).

Certain taxes on capital gains are also capped at a lower rate than the highest rate of tax on personal income. For example, if you owned the property for more than one year, you would calculate the tax based upon the "long-term" capital gains rates.

Check out irs.gov for more information.

Answer 2

You don't have any capital gains until yo sell the shares.

Shares in tax-deferred retirement plans such as IRAs and 401ks do not generate capital gains, even if you sell them. (There is one exception: Net Unrealized Appreciation on employer stock distributed from an employer plan.)

Answer 3

Assuming you are talking about the U.S, for individual income taxes, the due date is April 15th of each year. You can get an extension that is good until October 15th. Note that this is an extension to file the return but not an extension to pay your taxes. If you owe additional taxes and do not pay it before April 15th, you will be charged a penalty and interest for not paying it on time.