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"Sea Dogs" was the name given to English pirates by the Spanish.
sea dogs
Queen Elizabeth I of England permitted English pirates like Sir Francis Drake to attack Spanish ships during her reign in the 16th century as a means of disrupting Spanish power and asserting English dominance in the seas during the Anglo-Spanish War. This policy of privateering was a way to weaken Spain's naval strength and bolster England's own maritime power.
The second Spanish settlement in the Philippines was located in Ogtong (now Oton), Panay Island. It was established by Miguel López de Legazpi in 1566 as a defensive outpost against attacks by Muslim pirates.
Yes, Bartholomew Roberts was Welsh and likely spoke English, as well as other languages commonly used by pirates during that time period, such as French and Spanish.
pirates' treasure
The Spanish attacked English merchants in Mexico primarily due to tensions over trade and territorial disputes during the late 16th and early 17th centuries. English privateers were increasingly infringing on Spanish trade routes and settlements, posing a direct threat to Spain's colonial interests. Additionally, the Spanish sought to assert their dominance in the region and eliminate competition from the English, which they viewed as pirates rather than legitimate traders. This conflict was part of the broader Anglo-Spanish rivalry of the period.
The cast of Pirates of the Spanish Main - 2009 includes: Branden Bierbaum as Billy Bones
Elisabeth the First (r. 1558 - 1603). She encouraged famous pirate/explorer Sir Francis Drake to loot Spanish ships in the Caribbean and elsewhere.
Pirates were not always English. Pirates came in almost every ethnic group, including Asian ethnic groups, African ones, European ones, etc.
They were called pirates on the high seas and Highwaymen on land
They were called "privateers" and included some famous English seafarers such as Sir Francis Drake, as well as those who later became outright pirates.