The Senate hols the trial if the House votes to impeach.
The Senate holds the trail for a SC Justice if impeached. The House compiles the list of charges and evidence against the Justice.
the judicial branch
court
The role that the senate has in the impeachment process is sole power to try-to judge, sit as a court-in impeachment cases.
Not every impeachment is put on trial.
Andrew Jackson was not impeached; Andrew Johnson was. When the Radical Republicans were in charge of Congress, they hoped that the South was punished severely, and Johnson talked tough about Reconstruction. Andrew Johnson then proceeded to do exactly opposite of what he had promised, vetoing every act that helped the new freedmen and allowing a swift and extremely lenient reunion for the Southern states. The Radical Republicans were astonished and tried to kick him from the position of President.
nothing
No, you have that backwards. Impeachment always begins in the House of Representatives; if a simple majority of the House votes for impeachment, the official proceeds to trial in the Senate. That is how President Johnson's impeachment worked, too.
Richard Nixon resigned after facing probable impeachment. Impeachment would lead to a Senate trail at which a 2/3 vote would be needed to convict. Conviction might not have been certain- I am not sure how much hard evidence could be found. What was certain is that the Congress would be tied up with the matter for a long long time and the country would suffer in many ways.
He was acquitted and allowed to finish his term of office.
Under current Senate rules, the Chief Justice of the US Supreme Court presides over any impeachment trials.
The House of Representatives serves as a combination prosecutor/grand jury in that it both draws up the charges and votes whether to impeach the official on such charges. The House first appoints several Representatives as what are called "Managers" to draft the charges. Then the entire House votes on whether to impeach the official on the charges. If the vote is in the affirmative, the Managers handle presenting the evidence to the Senate or Senate Impeachment Committee.