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All property, real and personal, has to be included in a bankruptcy. Liens (mortgages, e. g.) and exemptions are then deducted from the value of the asset. Any equity that remains has to be paid to the trustee (C. 7) or included in a plan (C.13) to pay the unsecured creditors.

Technically, in a C. 7, the trustee owns the equity or the asset, unless it is security for a mortgage or loan, unless the trustee abandons the asset (usually because it would cost more to take and sell it than it would sell for at an auction). But the debtor should continue making payments on any loan or mortgage if the debt is being reaffirmed as part of the bankruptcy. And the debotr should maintain insurance and take proper care of the asset.

In a C. 13, the nonexempt assets belong to the trustee until the plan is approved, but the debtor must maintain (and be prepared to prove to the trustee) insurance covering the assets. Once the plan is approved, the debtor becomes "the debtor in possession" and can generally manage the asset as any owner would.

So, unless or until the trustee or the secured creditor has formally taken title, the debtor is responsible.

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15y ago

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