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There are aliens out there. See the related link.

That is a very important question.

There are billions of stars in the galaxy (and billions more galaxies) and many of them have planets. Surely we should be seeing aliens everywhere? Why is it that we cannot find any evidence of life on other planets?

There are a number of possible explanations.

1. We are alone.

This seems highly unlikely. Why should the Earth alone produce life? Could life arising be so spectacularly unlikely that only one planet of billions has any?

2. Other civilisations are invisible to our detection

The way we detect alien life is to listen for their radio broadcasts. Currently we produce radiowaves in all directions for our TV and radios and we think aliens will do the same, so we look out for these TV signals from space. However what if they don't use radio waves? Maybe they use something else or nothing at all? Or concentrate their radio waves to where they have to go instead of broadcasting into space?

3. We are the first of many

This is the idea that we are the only beings in the universe capable of civilization for now. The idea is that in the future alien civilisations will arise but at the moment we are the only ones.

This is possible because the universe is still quite young. (About 15 billion years old). Life (we assume) needs a planet to be on, planets form from heavy elements. Heavy elements are very rare in space. Heavy elements are manufacture inside stars, the star has to die before the elements are released. Hence at least one star-generation must occur before planets can form. Perhaps the Earth is the first planet capable of supporting life ever.

(I'm rather like this idea, even though it seems so unlikely)

4. Civilisation is too short-lived.

This is the idea that civilisations only last a few hundred years before blowing themselves up. That means there would only be a small window when the civilization is broadcasting before it ends.

I find this view overly-pessimistic (we don't actually have any evidence of planet-wide civilisations totally destroying themselves)

5. Few and far between,

Say that life only arises once of twice in any galaxy. How could we find it? They would be so far away that their radio signals might not even have reached us yet.

6. Time perception disagreements

This is a long shot: Suppose that an alien's sense of the passing of time is completely different to ours. They might send us a signal which to them is a very distinct pulse of radio waves but to us is confused with the brightening of a star by 1% over a year.

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13y ago

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