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There are a couple of different arguments that are used for keeping the death penalty. Deterrence used to be the most popular, and is still fairly popular although it seems to be in decline. Some argue that capital punishment should be threatened rarely because threatening it too often and for too many crimes would be counter productive. For example, if burglary was punishable by death then there would be incentive to kill witnesses. However, if only murder is punishable by death, the burglar has an incentive to make sure not to kill anyone while committing their crime. Another argument is incapacitation, that the dead can no longer harm anyone. Ernest van den Haag discusses this in Ch.5 Justice Deterrence and the Death Penalty, in America's Experiment with Capital Punishment. Retribution is the argument that seems to be most on the rise. There is a good write up of this argument on Wikipedia's page Capital Punishment Debate, and it cites several reputable death penalty scholars such as Hugo A. Bedau.

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