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Article II, Section 2 of the Constitution prescribes the President "shall nominate, and by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, shall appoint Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls, Judges of the Supreme Court, and all other Officers of the United States, whose Appointments are not herein otherwise provided for..."

The ability to approve or reject a nominee to the US Supreme Court is one of the checks Congress (Legislative branch) has on the power of the President (Executive branch) and the Supreme Court (Judicial branch). The United States system of checks and balances is designed to prevent any one segment of the government from becoming too powerful.

According to the US.Senate.gov, the Senate was given preference over the House of Representatives because the Senate has fewer members, which the Founding Fathers believed would promote the desired efficiency and secrecy in the confirmation process.

The House of Representatives' check on the Supreme Court is the power of impeachment.

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