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The assassination of President James Garfield in 1881 is significant because it highlighted the vulnerabilities in U.S. political life and the challenges of patronage and political corruption during that era. Garfield's death spurred reform efforts, ultimately leading to the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act of 1883, which aimed to establish a merit-based system for federal employment. His assassination also underscored the dangers of political violence and the impact of mental health issues, as his assassin, Charles Guiteau, believed he was acting in the nation's interest. Overall, Garfield's tragic end marked a turning point in American politics, advocating for a more professional and accountable government.

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