Does the present and past participle include a helping verb?

Answer 1

Simple present and past participles do not include helping verbs, but progressive ones do.

Answer 2

Yes, the present participle includes a helping verb, usually "to be" followed by the present participle (e.g., is eating). The past participle can also include a helping verb, such as "have" or "had" followed by the past participle (e.g., have eaten).