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Prefixes and suffixes can actually make the word mean opposite things.

For instance, ironically, "pre-fix" - which is attached in front of the "fix" (fixed / base word) actually means the opposite of the word "suf-fix" - a suffix being placed after the root word.

In other cases, the prefix or suffix is sufficient in itself to give opposite meaning from the root word - as in (say) "sense" versus "nonsense".

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