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The three major characteristics of human language are:

1. The infinite use of finite means: with a limited number of words gives us an unlimited number of combinatorial possibilities to construct sentences;

2. Duality of patterning: language consists of a message and a physical means to express that message. In other words there is a meaningful component (semantics, syntax) and a non-meaningful component (phonology) in language that are concatenated in largely arbitrary ways.

3. Displacement: the ability to describe or, more generally, to communicate about something that is not present, for example the future or the past, or a person in a far away place etc.

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