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The word 'what' functions as a pronoun, an adverb, an adjective, and an exclamation.

The pronoun 'what' is an interrogative pronoun and a relative pronoun.

An interrogative pronoun introduces a question. Very often, the antecedent to the interrogative pronoun is the answer to the question.

EXAMPLE: What is the book your'e reading. The book is "Moby Dick".

A relative pronoun introduces a relative clause, a group of words that has a subject and a verb but is not a complete sentence. A relative clause give information about the antecedent.

EXAMPLE: The end of the book is not what I was expecting.

The adverb 'what' modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb.

EXAMPLE: We don't know what really happened.

The adjective 'what' describes a noun.

EXAMPLE: What memories the photos brought back.

The exclamation (or interjection) 'what' expresses surprise, indignation, or a response to someone addressing you.

EXAMPLE: What! I never said that.

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9y ago

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