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active voice: Lucy walks the dog.

In this sentence we are told the subject is Lucy ( who or what does the verb - Lucy walks)

passive voice: The dog was walked.

In this sentence we are not told who or what did the action. We can add by Lucy at the end of the sentence but it is not necessary.

The dog was walked by Lucy.

The emphasis in the passive sentence is the object of the sentence.

When the verb takes the action from the subject (the doer) and passes on to the object (the receiver), the verb is said to be in Active voice.
I helped my friend.

When the subject receives the action, the subject is the receiver of the action, the verb is said to be in Passive Voice.
My friend was helped (by me).

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