The letters on the Nobel Prize medal stand for the founder of the prize, Alfred Nobel. The front of the medal typically features a portrait of Alfred Nobel and the reverse side usually has a relevant design to the specific field of the prize awarded.
The person on the penny is Abraham Lincoln, the 16th president of the United States, who was assassinated in Ford's Theater in 1865. The only coin Alfred Nobel's image is on is the Nobel Peace Prize.
On a sovereign coin, the letters "BP" typically stand for "British Proof." This designation indicates that the coin has been struck using a special minting process that produces a high-quality finish, often with a mirror-like surface. Proof coins are usually created for collectors and are not intended for general circulation.
The letters MS stand for Mint State, meaning "as it came from the mint" and can be used for any coin not just Peace dollars.
The person on the front of the New Zealand One Hundred Dollar note is New Zealand born, Lord Ernest Rutherford of Nelson (1871-1937). Lord Rutherford was internationally recognised as the "Father of the Atom" and, for his work on naturally occurring radioactivity, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in chemistry in 1908. The "coin" on the New Zealand One Hundred Dollar note is Lord Rutherford's Nobel Prize Medal overlaid with a graph representing the results of his investigations.
The letters stand for the Latin words Dei Gratia Regina Fiolei Defensor, which means By the Grace of God, Queen, Defendor of the Faith. All British coins have these letters along the border.
Please look at the coin again and post new question, the only possible mintmarks for a 1972 US Eisenhower dollar is a D or S
Marie Curie was famous for her groundbreaking research on radioactivity and her discovery of the elements polonium and radium. She was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize and the only person to win Nobel Prizes in two different scientific fields (Physics and Chemistry). Her work revolutionized our understanding of the structure of the atom and has had a lasting impact on the fields of physics and chemistry.
Gilroy Roberts designed the obverse of the coin, the letters are his initials.
A shine sprite
On a British coin the letters FD appear on the same side of the coin as the head of the monarch. They stand for Fidei Defensor (Latin for "defender of the faith') a title bestowed on King Henry VIII by the then Pole. The title has since been used by all British monarchs.
The letters BN & RB stand for Brown and Red-Brown, and has nothing to do with with the design of the coin, just the color.
No grade MV if you mean MS it stands for mint state, meaning the coin is in the same condition as when it was made at the mint. But the letters BV & MV stand for Bullion Value an Melt Value and are not grades.