They use a stream of smoke in the tunnel to figure out the air current when it is flowing over the wing of an aircraft
mainly to produce the most arodynamic aircraft possible
NASA has a wind tunnel available in Texas, others do exist in the USA but have undisclosed locations as heavy wind tunnels are often used to test aircraft.
A wind tunnel is used to simulate air flow over a model of an airplane or a wing section so it can be studied. The model can be instrumented to measure the lift and drag and other parameters for study. The wind tunnel can produce air flow at the desired speed and condition. Engineers may use a wind tunnel to study and design a wing shape. The Wright Brothers developed the first wind tunnel to design the shape of the wing for their airplane. Wind tunnels can be used to study interference between parts of the aircraft or between an airplane and a bomb as it drops away. There are different types of wind tunnels: low speed wind tunnels, supersonic wind tunnels and hyper-sonic wind tunnels.
since the aircraft designer cannot make a aircraft and test... so, they will make a prototype and test in the wind tunnel.. The flow of aircraft in atmosphere will be same as flow seperation take place in wind tunnel
ask your teacher
The most important aspect of aircraft design is it aerodynamic properties. That is, how the aircraft affects and is affected by the flow of air around it. Engineers can use mathematical models and computer simulations to predict how a specific design will cut through the air, but nothing is more accurate than actually building one (or a model of one) and subjecting it to high air speeds. Wind tunnels make this possible without having to actually put a pilot in it and send it down the runway. In a wind tunnel, engineers can observe the airflow in minute detail at many different speeds and at many different angles without ever having to leave the lab. Indeed, the Wright brothers' single greatest contribution to the world of flight, was their development of the wind tunnel to test their airfoil designs.
Christopher A. Lee has written: 'Design and testing of an oblique all-wing supersonic transport' -- subject(s): Transport aircraft, Wind tunnel tests, Propulsion system configurations, Oblique wings, Supersonic wind tunnels, Wind tunnel models, Aircraft design, Supersonic transports 'I, digital' -- subject(s): Family archives, Personal archives, Digitization, Digital preservation, Archival materials
Wind tunnels move air around an object making it react as though it was moving itself. It lets the design team know what changes can be made to increase the effectiveness of their design. Not only is it used for aircraft, it's also used for trains, automobiles and the like.
Supersonic flow is characterized by speeds faster than the speed of sound. It is often used in applications such as supersonic aircraft, missiles, and high-speed wind tunnels. Supersonic flow can create shock waves and high temperatures, making it challenging to control and design for.
A subsonic wind tunnel is a wind tunnel that cannot take testing to Mach 1 (the speed of sound). There are a wide variety of wind tunnels, and they come in a broad range of sizes, too. They span models from ones that test motorcycle helmets to ones that test a whole small aircraft or aircraft model. A link is provided to the Wikipedia article on the wind tunnel, and you'll find that link below.
The most valuable measurement within a wind tunnel is pressure, specifically the differential between the upper and lower surfaces of the airfoil as this is the 'engine' that provides lift. This changes as the angle of attack changes, as the airspeed changes, and as the apparent wind direction changes. The wind tunnel lets us observe how the airfoil reacts to different conditions so we can optimize the shape for its intended use.
Stephen W. D Wolf has written: 'The design and operational development of self-streamlining two-dimensional flexible walled test sections' -- subject(s): Transonic wind tunnels, Wind tunnels
It work's by putting wind in-to it.