How would a paleoprimatologist identify a cercopithecoid fossil to the exclusion of other primate groups?

Answer 1

A paleoprimatologist would identify a cercopithecoid fossil by examining specific morphological features characteristic of this group, such as the structure of the skull, dental patterns, and limb proportions. Cercopithecoids, or Old World monkeys, typically have a bilophodont molar pattern, a more elongated snout, and a distinct postorbital closure compared to other primate groups. Additionally, the presence of certain cranial traits, such as a well-defined nasal region and specific orbital configurations, would further aid in distinguishing cercopithecoids from other primates like prosimians or New World monkeys.