Arthrophytes, commonly known as horsetails, are a group of vascular plants belonging to the genus Equisetum. They are characterized by their jointed stems, hollow internodes, and whorled leaves, which give them a distinctive appearance. Horsetails are considered living fossils, as they have existed since the Carboniferous period, and they thrive in moist environments, often found in damp, sandy soils. Additionally, they are known for their high silica content and are sometimes used historically for abrasive purposes.
In ecosystems where antheridium is found, arthrophytes are located is surface area.
Plants with soft and hollow stems are often found in wet or marshy environments, as this physical structure allows for buoyancy and flexibility. Some examples of plants with soft and hollow stems include cattails, bamboo, and bulrushes. These plants have evolved to thrive in waterlogged conditions where structural stability and nutrient transport are important factors.