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In show jumping, there are three basic types of fences, the vertical, the crossrail, and the oxer.

The vertical is just what it sounds like, a set of usually two poles stacked vertically between two posts that hold them up, or standards.

The crossrail, not seen in jumping competetion and reserved for schooling, is made from two poles set diagonally in their jump cups so that they cross and make an X shape. Crossrails are used to help train a horse to leap in the center of a jump, as the lowest place in a crossrail is in the middle.

An oxer is essentially a combination of two ascending verticals placed a few feet apart so that the horse must jump both in one leap. Oxers are the most advanced type of jump as they require a horse to gain more horizontal distance rather than vertical leap.

Other than basic jumps, horses are also often required to jump walls, hedges, or pools of water. In cross country, horses may have to jump up or down banks, across ditches, or into or over water. In steeplechasing, essentially a horse race with jumps stuck out on the track, a feild of horses race over a series of hedges.

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