Jaw, ears, hip and shoulder
Mammal-like reptiles that lived in the Permian, like cynodonts or therapsids.
Reptiles
Therapsids were a group of reptiles with an erect posture and feet that pointed forward. Some also had incisors, canines, and molars, which is unique because most reptiles only have one type of tooth. Mammals evolved from therapsids.
Herbivors is not a group of therapsids. Therapsids include herbivores and carnivores, among other types of mammals that arose during the Permian period. Herbivores are a dietary category, not a taxonomic group.
therapsids
Therapsids started as a group of reptiles with an erect posture and feet that pointed forwards. Many also had incisors, canines, and molars. Mammals evolved from therapsids, and hence are considered to be a member of the therapsid group. Thecodont was a term used to group certain archosaurian reptiles. However, it has been discovered that these reptiles did not belong to one group, hence the term "thecodont" is dubious. In any case, archosaurs are reptiles including dinosaurs, crocodilians, birds, and others.
During the end of the Triassic period, the first mammals evolved from therapsids, or mammal like reptiles. Some of these mammals were the Purgatorius, a tiny rodent like creature, and the Castorocauda, which had beaver like characteristics.
mammals amphibians and reptiles birds
The pelycosaurs are considered a link between mammals and reptiles because they exhibit features of both groups. They share characteristics with early mammals, such as differentiated teeth and possibly some aspects of their skull structure, while also possessing reptilian-like features including sprawling posture and lack of a secondary palate. This combination of traits positions them as transitional forms between the two groups in evolutionary history.
There are a variety of features but one is the number of fenestrae in the skull. Mammals also have more differentiated teeth than reptiles. Furthermore, you can look at the gait. Mammals have a parasagittal stance, while most reptiles have a sprawled stance.
No, alligators are not mammals, they are reptiles.
Turtles are reptiles, not mammals.