HMS Beagle was a British Royal Navy ship best known for its second voyage from 1831 to 1836, during which Charles Darwin served as the naturalist. This expedition took the Beagle to various locations, including the Galápagos Islands, where Darwin observed diverse species that contributed to his theory of evolution by natural selection. The ship played a crucial role in the development of modern Biology and is often associated with significant scientific discoveries of the 19th century.