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There are a few critical distinctions between humans and apes:

Humans walk upright, apes are generally knuckle walkers (they walk on all fours but on the knuckles of the hands).

Humans can hold their breath. No ape can do that - this is to do with the way the tubes in the throat are arranged and it also means that it possible for humans to talk - the downside is that food can "go down the wrong way".

Humans have much less hair - they are practically naked.

Unfortunately, these important differences are not the kind of thing that fossilise well - apart from the walking upright. The well known Lucy fossil was an upright walker, but, of course, it's difficult to explain why a creature started walking upright apart from the vague "there was an environmental advantage".

There is a theory that explains pretty much all of these; that early hominids spent a period as "aquatic apes" - this would explain why we can hold our breath, lost our body hair and - more tentatively - why we walk upright. The only problem with the theory is that there is no fossil evidence to support it.

Another answer--The evidence is that humans and apes shared a common ancestor, not that they evolved from apes.

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The difficulty is tracing the lineage stems from not just body details failing to leave fossils. The Quaternary land animals generally - including our ancestors - left far fewer good fossils than sea creatures. Notably, our own species is poorly defended physically from animal attacks or extreme weather, and poorly equipped bodily to hunt and kill live prey. We had to develop an intellect and vocal skill some orders of magnitude higher than those of any other animal so we could overcome these weaknesses by brain rather than brawn.

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