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What is the importance of MBO?
Importance of MBO: i. Develops result-oriented philosophy: MBO is a result-oriented philosophy. It does not favor management by crisis. ii. Formulation of dearer goals: MBO produces goals that identify desired/expected results. Goals are made verifiable and measurable which encourage high level of performance iii. Facilitates objective appraisal: Management by self-control replaces management by domination in the MBO process. Appraisal becomes more objective and impartial. iii. Raises employee morale: Participation, clearer goals and improved communication will go a long way in improving morale of employees. Such participation provides the opportunity to influence decisions and clarify job relationships with superiors, subordinates and peers. iv. Facilitates effective planning: Developing action plans, providing resources for goal attainment and discussing and removing obstacles demand careful planning. v. Acts as motivational force: MBO gives an individual or group, opportunity to use imagination and creativity to accomplish the mission vi. Key Result Areas: The emphasis in MBO is on performance improvement in the areas which are of critical importance to the organization as a whole. vii. Systems Approach: MBO is a systems approach of managing an organization. It attempts to integrate the individual with the organization and the organization with its environment. It seeks to ensure the accomplishment of both personal and enterprise goals by creating goal congruence. viii. Optimization of Resources: MBO sets an evaluative mechanism through which the con­tribution of each individual can be measured. ix. Simplicity and Dynamism: MBO is a non-specialist technique and it can be used by all types of managers. x. Multiple accountability: Every member of the organization is accountable for accomplishing the goals set for him.
What is the literal definition of vendor management?
Vendor Management is the management and control, by an entity, of those third parties that supply goods and/ or services to that entity. A Vendor Management System (VMS) is an Inernet-enabled, often Web-based application that acts as a mechanism for business to manage and procure staffing services - temporary, and, in some cases, permanent placement services - as well as outside contract or contingent labor. Typical features of a VMS application include order distribution, consolidated billing and significant enhancements in reporting capability that outperforms manual systems and processes (wikipedia) --Sheryar Nizar(http://www.sheryar.net)
What are the requirements for making organisational change?
Cummings and Worley describe a comprehensive five-phase, general process for managing change including:1) motivating change2) creating vision3) developing political support4) managing the transition and5) sustaining momentum.Motivating ChangeIt includes creating a readiness for change in our client organization and developing approaches to overcome resistance to change. General guidelines for managing this phase including lightening members of the organization about the need for change, expressing the current status of the organization and where it needs to be in the future, and developing realistic approaches about how change might be accomplished.Creating VisionLeaders in the organization must articulate a clear vision that describes what the change effort is striving to accomplish. Ideally, people in the organization have strong input to the creation of the vision and how it can be achieved. The vision should clearly depict how the achievement of the vision will improve the organization. It is critically important that people believe that the vision is relevant and realistic. Research indicates that cynicism is increasing in organizations in regard to change efforts. People want to feel respected enough by leaders to be involved and to work toward a vision that is realistic, yet promising in the long run. Often the vision is described in terms of overall outcomes to be achieved by all or parts of the organization, including associated goals and objectives to achieve the outcomes. Sometimes, an overall purpose, or mission, is associated with the effort to achieve the vision, as well.Developing Political SupportThis phase of change management is often overlooked, yet it is the phase that often stops successful change from occurring. Politics in organizations is about power. Power is important among members of the organization when striving for the resources and influence necessary to successfully carry out their jobs. Power is also important when striving to maintain jobs and job security. Power usually comes from credibility, whether from strong expertise or integrity. Power also comes from the authority of one's position in the organization. Some people have a strong negative reaction when talking about power because power often is associated with negative applications, for example, manipulation, abuse or harassment. To be successful, the change effort must recruit the support of all key power players, for example, senior management, subject matter experts and others who are recognized as having strong expertise and integrity. A strong mechanism for ensuring alignment of power with the change effort is to develop a network of power-players who interact and count on each other to support and guide the change effort. Means to manage power can include ensuring that all power-players are involved in recognizing the need for change, developing the vision and methods to achieve the vision, and organization-wide communication about the status of change. Any recommendations or concerns expressed by those in power must be promptly recognized and worked through.Managing TransitionThis phase occurs when the organization works to make the actual transition from the current state to the future state. In consultations, this phase usually is called implementation of the action plans. The plans can include a wide variety of "interventions," or activities designed to make a change in the organization, for example, creating and/or modifying major structures and processes in the organization. These changes might require ongoing coaching, training and enforcement of new policies and procedures. In addition, means of effective change management must continue, including strong, clear, ongoing communication about the need for the change, status of the change, and solicitation of organization members' continuing input to the change effort. Thus, as important as developing the plan, is making the many ongoing adjustments to the plan with key members of the organization, while keeping other members up-to-date about the changes and the reasons for them.Sustaining MomentumOften, the most difficult phase in managing change is this phase when leaders work to sustain the momentum of the implementation and adjustment of plans. Change efforts can encounter a wide variety of obstacles, for example, strong resistance from members of the organization, sudden departure of a key leader in the organization, or a dramatic reduction in sales. Strong, visible, ongoing support from top leadership is critically important to show overall credibility and accountabilities in the change effort. Those participating in the change effort often require ongoing support, often in the form of provision of resources, along with training and coaching. The role of support cannot be minimized despite its importance during organizational change, the role of support is often forgotten. At this point in a consulting project, it may be wise for one to ensure us that we have ongoing support that can provide us ongoing objectivity, affirmation, provision of resources and other forms of support. Employee performance management systems play a critical role in this phase of organizational change, including in setting goals, sharing feedback about accomplishment of goals, rewarding behaviors that successfully achieve goals and accomplish change, and addressing performance issues.
What are the six basic concepts of Total quality management?
In order to achieve excellence, six basic concepts of TQM are as follows: 1. Top management should be aware of currect situation and needs to be commited towards TQM implementation. 2. Focus customer requirements and product/service expectations. 3. Involve emplyees in understanding the quality aspects and make them accountable 4. Continuous improvement in the process is required 5. Treat suppliers as your partners 6. Develop tracking mechanism for processes and improve it as per business requirements
-What is performance measurement and control system -What is the purpose of measuring business process -What is foundation of control -What is the criteria of effective control?
Q: What is performance measurement and control system ?A: Performance measurement is comparing two or more systems with one or more common independent parameter.(i.e: Time, fuel cost, processing time, microprocessor cost). Control System is the mechanism defined by the nature of the process or artificially(human factor) applied action that results with an output according to the input.Q:What is the purpose of measuring business process ?A: To get quantitive results to support qualitive decision making process.Q: What is the criteria of effective control?A: Effective control criteria is defined by how much the output is differentiating from the the predefined(assumption) "desired output" of the system.
One type of control mechanism in an organization?
One type of control mechanism in an organization is the use of budgeting and financial controls. This involves setting financial targets, monitoring performance against them, and taking corrective action if necessary to ensure that resources are used efficiently and effectively.
How can 360 degree feedback mechanism help Otis revamp its performance management system?
Implementing a 360 degree feedback mechanism can provide Otis with multi-perspective insights into employee performance, facilitating a more comprehensive and balanced evaluation process. It can also help identify areas for improvement and development through feedback from peers, managers, and subordinates. By incorporating this mechanism, Otis can enhance accountability, foster a culture of continuous improvement, and align individual goals with organizational objectives within its performance management system.
What has the author E Lukyn written?
E. Lukyn has written: 'Dental surgery and mechanism popular treatise on the preservation, management, and surgical treatment of the teeth and gums' 'Dental surgery and mechanism popular treatise on the preservation, management, and surgical treatment of the teeth and gums' 'Dental surgery and mechanism popular treatise on the preservation, management, and surgical treatment of the teeth and gums' -- subject(s): Accessible book
Which of the following is NOT part of the mechanism of action of alpha and beta interferons?
They inactivate viruses.
Which of the following is a protective mechanism that helps maintain a stable environment for the brain?
Blood brain barrier
Which of the following correctly describes the mechanism that causes an erection?
Parasympathetic impulse dilates veins in penis
The mechanism used to select the governing body?
The selection of a governing body can vary depending on the organization. Common mechanisms include popular vote in democratic systems, appointment by a higher authority, or selection based on merit or expertise. Ultimately, the mechanism used should aim to reflect the values and needs of the organization or community.
What is mecanismo?
Mecanismo is a Spanish word for the the following English words; action, machinery, mechanism, movement, works.
What incident management action attempts to limit the impact of a disaster by establishing a mechanism for effecting a quick and orderly reaction?
preparedness
What incident management action attempts to limit the impact of a disaster by establishing a mechanism for effecting a quick orderly reaction?
preparedeness
What incident management action attempts to limit the impact of a disaster by establishing a mechanism for effecting a quick and orderly action?
Preparedness
What should a license management program include?
Conduct a software inventory, Create and enforce license policies, Perform ongoing management and Track actual usage of software using a metering mechanism
