Sir or Madam (as the case may be).
I simply call them professor. I think this is more formal for someone in the faculty at the same time is also a researcher or a student with authority.
As first aid attendants, we DO NOT have the authority to restrain a patient. Psychiatric Nurses have the authority to commit someone, however as a first aider if the patient is uncooperative you must call security or the police.
If the person you quote is someone with credible background on the issue you are discussing it it a call to authority. If it is a quote from a character or other figure, it is an allusion.
Someone willing to test the status -quo. A non-conformist. Someone who has a better way of doing things, and thinks that people in authority have trouble stepping outside of the box and fear the unknown and fear what they are not used to.
I'm not challenging your authority. Let's call the proper authority.
The word for someone against authority is rebel.
If you call someone, you are the "caller".
The Governor of Texas has the authority to grant a pardon to someone convicted of a crime in the state.
The only people with the authority to do that - are law-enforcement agencies. You, as an individual do not have the right to trace the location of someone's phone, and attempting to do so could land you in court! If you mean to help someone find their phone, then you can just call them and see if you can hear it ring.
They can list you as a driver but they should not be able to. If you feel you have been a victim of identity theft, I would call an authority in that matter.
If someone is parked in a red zone, you can call your local law enforcement or parking enforcement agency. In many areas, non-emergency police numbers or municipal parking authority hotlines can assist with such issues. Be sure to provide specific details about the vehicle and its location.
You call someone from Omaha an Omahan or for many, call them Omahans