The word that means a formal request is "petition." A petition is typically a written document that asks for a specific action or change, often accompanied by signatures to demonstrate support. It can be directed towards government bodies, organizations, or other authorities.
Apply means to make a formal application or request.
The definition of the word 'solicitation' means a process whereby one use to seek to obtain something by persuasion, a petition, formal application, request or entreaty.
The word that means a request to participate in something is, an invitation or an invite.
Request.
Formal.
Someone who makes a formal request is a requester or a petitioner.
In the context of a formal meeting, an 'apology' refers to prior request to be absent from a meeting. It simply means, that the members are aware of your absence.
Resolution or a statement
spouse
Abdictation
Inquiry
The word is accede. It means agree to a request or a demand.