Concrete slabs should be designed to fail under rebar yield as opposed to concrete crushing. So assuming a rebar yielding scenario the first step is to determine the maximum load which can be sustained by the tension rebar as follows,
0.87*Fy gives the failure maximum stress in the steel, which can then be multiplied by the total area of rebar to give the force of the steel in tension. where Fy is the yield strength of the steel. (typical value of Fy is say 500Mpa)
Next it is assumed that the slab is in a state of static equilibrium i.e. not accelerating off in any direction!
For this to happen the force in the concrete must = the force in the steel,
Fst = Fcc = 0.567*Fck*A
Fst = force of the steel in tension (calculated above)
Fcc = force of concrete in compression = maximum sustainable Force of steel in tension
Where Fck = concrete compressive strength,
and A = area of a simplified stress block,
limiting the depth of the stress block to 0.8x results in ;
Fcc = 0.567*Fck*0.8x*B
where x = depth to neutral axis
B = breadth of slab
Rearranging for x gives
X = (Fcc/(0.567*Fck*B))/0.8
slope=rise/run in other words: slope= y-axis/x-axis
To calculate the width of an oval (ellipse), you need to measure its major and minor axes. The major axis is the longest diameter, while the minor axis is the shortest. The width of the oval can be represented by the length of the minor axis, which indicates its width at the widest point perpendicular to the major axis. If you have the semi-minor axis (half of the minor axis), the width can be expressed as 2 times the semi-minor axis length.
To derive the first moment of area (Q) for a composite beam, first identify the individual components of the beam and their respective areas (A). Calculate the distance from a reference axis (usually the neutral axis) to the centroid of each component (ȳ). The first moment of area for each component is then calculated using the formula ( Q = A \cdot \bar{y} ), where ( \bar{y} ) is the distance from the centroid of the component to the reference axis. Finally, sum the first moments of all components to obtain the total first moment of area for the composite beam.
A solid cylinder 1m in diameter and 0.8m high is of uniform relative density 0.85. Calculate the periodic time of small oscillations when cylinder floats with its axis vertical in still water
Most likely you have an equation of a parabola. The vertex of a parabola is the location where it changes from going down, to going up (a simplified explanation). Most parabolas that we think of are oriented up or down (the axis is parallel to the y axis), but they could be oriented sideways, or even at an angle. To calculate the vertex of a parabola ususally means to find the coordinates of the vertex.
The neutral axis of a reinforced concrete beam is the area where the beam is neither in a state of tension or a state of compression. This is determined by having the length and breadth of the beam available.
Under Reinforced Section
The Neutral Axis of a concrete beam is that axis where it is neither in tension nor compression. The transition of tensile to compressive forces set up due to bending occurs on the neutral axis. Its position in a beam depends on material properties of the concrete and reinforcing steel.
In order to compute the neutral axis of a beam, we need its dimension and shape.
-find the area(A) of the shape above the neutral axis (or above a particular point if given) - locate the centroid (y')of the shape relative to the neutral axis(or above point) using y' = ∑AiYi / ∑Ai - first moment of area = A*y' (or y' + distance of given point from neutral axis)
Switzerland
No. It was actually a neutral country.It actually remained neutral.
1. Plane sections normal to axis remain plane after bending. This implies that strain is proportional to the distance from neutral axis. 2. Maximum strain in concrete of compression zone at failure is 0.0035 in bending 3. Tensile strength of concrete is ignored. 4. The stress-strain curve for the concrete in compression may be assumed to be rectangle, trapezium, parabola or any other shape which results in prediction of strength in substantial agreement with test results.
The Vatican was neutral.
The neutral axis in a composite beam refers to the line along which there is no longitudinal stress during bending; above this line, the material experiences compressive stress, while below it, tensile stress occurs. In composite beams, which consist of different materials with varying properties, the position of the neutral axis depends on the relative stiffness and geometry of the materials involved. The neutral axis shifts towards the material with greater stiffness or higher modulus of elasticity. Understanding the neutral axis is crucial for accurate stress analysis and design of composite beams in structural applications.
connects the brushes to obtain a good commutation. its also a line joining two points at which no emf is induced.
Neutral nations included countries that did not fight on either side. In Europe, Switzerland was neutral. Spain was ostensibly neutral but aided the Axis (Germany). Ireland was neutral, its shipping being interdicted by both the Allies and Axis, but in many cases the Irish acted in concert with the Allies, as their own sovereignty was at risk. The Vatican was neutral and was occupied by neither side.