In accordance with the amended rules governing today's Roman numeral system 499 and 1999 converted into Roman numerals are CDXCIX and MCMXCIX respectively which makes it almost impossible to perform any kind of mathematical operations with them. But the Romans themselves in the past most probably wrote out the respective numerals as ID and IMM because:-
ID is a simplification of CCCCLXXXXVIIII (499)
IMM is a simplification of MDCCCCLXXXXVIIII (1999)
So: MDCCCCLXXXXVIIII - CCCCLXXXXVIIII = MD (1500)
Alternatively: IMM - ID = MD
The Romans would have probably used an abacus calculating device to work out larger numbers and then wrote them out in a simplified form whenever possible.
MMXI - XII = MCMXCIX (1999) The above is officially the correct answer which goes against all mathematical reasoning. There is evidence to suggest that the Romans themselves would have worked it out as:- MMXI - XII = IMM (-1+2000 = 1999)
Advantages of using Roman numerals: In outlines, you can differentiate between indented subsections, giving more clarity to an outline. It is harder to misinterpret a number if the number is smudged in writing.Disadvantages: There is no "zero" in Roman numerals. They are much harder to add and subtract, especially in numbers greater than ten. The hindu-arabic numbering system is more succinct (for example, the year "1988" in Roman numerals is "MCMLXXXVIII". The largest number that can be expressed properly in Roman numerals is 3,999,999 as MMMCMXCIXCMXCIX (the bolded characters would have a line over them.
MMXIIII as the alternate (on clocks for example) version of number 4 is IIII
Today we would write out 69 in Roman numerals as LXIX but during the Roman era it was calculated as LXVIIII and by placing I to both sides of these numerals was probably simplified to ILXX (-1+70 = 69) in written form which made multiplication a lot easier because:- -I*ILXX = +I -LXX L*ILXX = -L+MMMD X*ILXX = -X+DCC X*ILXX = -X+DCC Calculation: MMMMDCCCCI - CXXXX = MMMMDCCLXI or as (IV)DCCLXI which are both the eqivalent of 4761 Remember that a minus number multiplied by a minus number produces a positive number. So -I*-I = I Roman numerals: M=1000, D=500, C=100, L=50, X=10, V=5 and I=1
19 expressed in ancient Roman numerals once were XVIIII 19 expressed in ancient abridged Roman numerals once were IXX 19 expressed in todays modern usage of Roman numerals are now XIX XVIIII translated into Latin is novemdecim meaning 19 IXX translated into Latin is undeviginti meaning 1 from 20 XIX translated into Latin doesn't exist Todays rules governing the ancient Roman numeral system had nothing to do with the Romans themselves because they were conceived, compiled and introduced during the Middle Ages.
You first multiply 6 by 13 giving you 78. Then subtract 9 giving you 69. Then subtract 6*6 which is 36 giving you 33. Then you subtract 9 to get 24.
MMXI - XII = MCMXCIX (1999) The above is officially the correct answer which goes against all mathematical reasoning. There is evidence to suggest that the Romans themselves would have worked it out as:- MMXI - XII = IMM (-1+2000 = 1999)
What might you encounter in a construction zone giving instructions?
Advantages of using Roman numerals: In outlines, you can differentiate between indented subsections, giving more clarity to an outline. It is harder to misinterpret a number if the number is smudged in writing.Disadvantages: There is no "zero" in Roman numerals. They are much harder to add and subtract, especially in numbers greater than ten. The hindu-arabic numbering system is more succinct (for example, the year "1988" in Roman numerals is "MCMLXXXVIII". The largest number that can be expressed properly in Roman numerals is 3,999,999 as MMMCMXCIXCMXCIX (the bolded characters would have a line over them.
In today's terms 1999 and 1776 expressed in Roman numerals are MCMXCIX and MDCCLXXVI respectively. To find the difference of these numerals is almost impossible because of the way that 1999 is expressed despite the fact that 1776 is correct. But the Romans would have probably expressed these numbers in the following manner IMM and MDCCLXXVI. IMM is a simplification of MDCCCCLXXXXVIIII So: MDCCCCLXXXXVIIII - MDCCLXXVI = CCXXIII (223) by cancelling out the numerals. Check: MDCCLXXVI + CCXXIII = MDCCCCLXXXXVIIII = IMM when simplified The way we work out Roman numerals today is different in the way that the Romans actually did themselves because the rules governing the Roman numeral system were changed in the Middle Ages. Presumably to make it easier to convert Roman numerals into Hindu-Arabic numerals that were gradually being introduced into Western Europe.
writing what your giving them instructions to do.
MMXIIII as the alternate (on clocks for example) version of number 4 is IIII
Today we would convert 499 into Roman numerals as CDXCIX which makes it almost impossible to perform any kind of arithmetical operations with them. But the Romans themselves would have calculated the equivalent of 499 on an abacus counting device as CCCCLXXXXVIIII and probably simplified them to ID (-1+500=499) in written form in the same way that IIII and VIIII (4 and 9) are simplified to IV and IX respectively. So the equivalent of 1776 -499 = 1277 would work out as:- MDCCLXXVI -ID = MCCLXXVII The above calculation is achieved by adding I to and subtracting D from MCCLXXVI. Remember that a minus minus becomes a plus so -(-I+D) = +I-D
Today we write out 1999 in Roman numerals as MCMXCIX because of changes made to the rules governing the Roman numeral system during the Middle Ages and to add these numerals to MDCCLXXVI is almost impossible. But the Romans themselves would have calculated 1999 on an abacus counting device as MDCCCCLXXXXVIIII and probably simplified them to IMM by placing I to both sides of the numerals. So: MDCCLXXVI + (-I+MM) = MMMDCCLXXV (3775)
by giving it a negative number (1-3=-2)
Subtract 32, then divide by 1.8 - giving the answer 32.2
4.5 = SV (-0.5+5=4.5) Because: 4.5 = IIIIS which can be simplified to SV And: II*IIIIS = VIIII which can be simplified to IX Roman Numerals: M=1000, D=500, C=100, L=50, X=10, V=5, I=1 and S=1/2