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The concept of pi (π) has ancient roots, with various civilizations approximating its value, but it was the Greeks who formalized its study. The mathematician Archimedes (circa 287–212 BCE) is often credited with providing one of the first rigorous calculations of pi using inscribed and circumscribed polygons. However, it is important to note that the symbol π itself was introduced much later, in the 18th century by Welsh mathematician William Jones.

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