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Roman numerals in parentheses are used in the names of certain chemical compounds, particularly transition metal compounds, to indicate the oxidation state of the metal ion. Transition metals can exhibit multiple oxidation states, and the numeral specifies which one is present in that particular compound. In contrast, many other elements, especially main group elements, have fixed oxidation states and do not require Roman numerals in their names. Thus, the presence of Roman numerals helps to clarify the specific ionic charge of the metal in the compound.

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2d ago

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