Divide heat added to the boiler between feedwater inlet and steam outlet by the kilowatt output of the generator at the generator terminals. Rate expressed in btu. See article.
There are several ways to calculate the .steam consumption rate. First would be to use a heat transfer equation. Another way would be to measure steam directly using flow metering equipment.
The guaranteed heat rate, indicated on performance data table of power plant is calculated in accordance with the following formula: HR = (Qms x Hms - Qfw x Hfw + Qhrh x Hhrh - Qcrh x Hcrh - Qas x Has + Qmu x Hmu) x 3600 / W HR = heat rate [kJ/kWh] W = gross power output [kW] Q = mass flow [kg/s] H = enthalpy [kJ/kg] Subscript: ms = main steam fw = boiler feedwater hrh = hot reheat steam crh = cold reheat steam as = auxiliary steam extraction from turbine cycle for boiler users mu = make up water at condenser
In most realistic situations heat flow can be said to occur from a region of higher temperature to one of lower temperature. As the region of higher temperature loses heat and the other region gains heat their temperatures become closer and the rate of heat flow diminishes. If, however, it can be contrived to maintain the source of heat at a constant temperature and the destination of the heat also at a constant temperature, then the heat will flow between the two at a constant rate, called steady heat flow.
the induction of gas is forcedthrough a venturi design, causing higher tempuratures. Increasing combustion rate. Causing high efficiency.
If you have no idea - don't write anything..
manish
The heat rate of a gas turbine using petroleum is 13,622. On the other hand, gas turbines that use natural gas produce a heat rate of 11,499.
The efficiency of a steam turbine is just the ratio of power out to power in, but if you want to be able to calculate it from the basic mechanical design, this is a specialised topic. In the link below is a general description of steam turbines, in the references and additional reading list there are some references that may help you.
Turbine cycle heat rate is a measure of the turbine efficiency. It is determined from the total energy input supplied to the turbine divided by the electrical energy output. The energy input is the difference between the energy in the steam supplied to, and leaving from the turbine. The total energy supplied is the sum of the steam mass flow rates to the turbine multiplied by their respective enthalpies. The energy leaving is the sum of mass flow rates exiting the turbine multiplied by their respective enthalpies. Take the difference in the total energy supplied and leaving, divide by the electrical output and this gives you heat rate, typically expressed in Btu/kWh or kJ/kWh. This is easy for a single source of steam passing through the turbine to a condenser, but gets a bit more tricky for reheat turbines with multiple extractions as all the streams in and out have to be accounted for.
Gross Heat Rate: Gross electricity (Power) produced by a power plant per unit fuel energy consumption. This excludes all internal power consumptions. Net Heat rate is net power production at transformer per unit fuel energy consumption by power plant.
212 degrees Fahrenheit
MCF * BTU = MMBTU MMBTU * KWH = Heat rate
The formula is Gross = Net * ( Tax rate / 100 + 1) You can also use this site to calculate Gross/Net Price. http://jumk.de/bank-formulas/gross-net.shtml
add the number of women who died in her reprodution period in net reprodution rate.
E=MC2 + o2 + H20 = Heat rate
The efficiency of a steam turbine is just the ratio of power out to power in, but if you want to be able to calculate it from the basic mechanical design, this is a specialised topic. In the link below is a general description of steam turbines, in the references and additional reading list there are some references that may help you.
The amount of fuel (natural gas) used to produce electricity.