Sterilization can be accomplished by heat (as in the autoclave), chemicals (as with glutaraldehyde) or radiation. Your average outpatient office uses heat or chemical sterilization.
sterilization
optical surveying instrument
The soaking time required for sterilization can vary depending on the method used. For example, chemical sterilization solutions typically require items to be soaked for 20-30 minutes to achieve sterilization. It is important to always follow the manufacturer's instructions for the specific sterilization method being used.
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Oral contraceptives (or "the pill") Sterilization
The three main types of sterilization are physical sterilization (e.g. heat, radiation), chemical sterilization (e.g. ethylene oxide, hydrogen peroxide), and filtration sterilization (e.g. through a membrane filter). Each method has specific advantages and limitations depending on the application.
The most effective method of sterilization for medical equipment and instruments is autoclaving, which uses high pressure steam to kill bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms.
Stainless steel instruments can be sterilized by using methods such as autoclaving, chemical sterilization, or dry heat sterilization. Autoclaving is the most common method where instruments are exposed to high pressure steam at a specific temperature for a set amount of time to kill microorganisms. Chemical sterilization involves immersing instruments in a solution of chemicals to kill pathogens, while dry heat sterilization uses high temperatures in an oven-like device to achieve sterility.
The scientific method is a way of thinking. There is no instrument that is needed to define it, unless you count logic as an instrument.
sterilization
In-situ sterilization is done on-site so that whatever is being sterilized does not need moved. The process is performed in-situ to avoid transferring bacteria and viruses to a new location.
The spore method, often referred to as spore testing, is a technique used to evaluate the effectiveness of sterilization processes, particularly in healthcare and laboratory settings. It involves using specific bacterial spores, such as those from Bacillus stearothermophilus or Bacillus subtilis, which are resistant to heat and other sterilization methods. These spores are exposed to the sterilization process, and if they survive, it indicates that the sterilization was inadequate. Regular spore testing helps ensure that sterilization equipment is functioning properly and that tools and instruments are free from viable microorganisms.