Hematopoiesis is the biological process through which the body produces blood cells, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. This complex process primarily occurs in the bone marrow, where hematopoietic stem cells differentiate into various blood cell lineages in response to specific growth factors and signaling pathways. Hematopoiesis is essential for maintaining the body's oxygen transport, immune response, and clotting mechanisms. Disruptions in this process can lead to various blood disorders, such as anemia or leukemia.