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How is cardiopulmonary bypass instituted?
Cardiopulmonary bypass can be instituted with or without cardioplegic arrest. Cardioplegic arrest requires cardiopulmonary bypass. The use of cardioplegic arrest makes this a non-beating heart procedure, but it is still considered MIDCAB.
What happens when humans are born without coronary circulation?
Coronary circulation is blood flow to the muscles of the heart. Without a working heart, the baby would die.
Is there a cure for Anal fistula without surgery?
Yes, surely. The indian herbal treatment called 'kshar sutra' treatment is the best alternative for the fistula permanent cure. You can get more information on - www.omayurvedicclinic.com Dr. Prasad Bapat is an experienced ayurvedic doctor for piles, fissure, fistula & pilonidal sinus.
Coronary artery fistula?
DefinitionCoronary artery fistula is an abnormal connection between one of the coronary arteries and a heart chamber or another blood vessel. The coronary arteries are blood vessels that bring oxygen-rich blood to the heart.Fistula means abnormal connection.Causes, incidence, and risk factorsA coronary artery fistula is often congenital, meaning that it is present at birth. It generally occurs when one of the coronary arteries fails to form properly, usually when the baby is developing in the womb. The coronary artery abnormally attaches to one of the chambers of the heart (the atrium or ventricle) or another blood vessel (for example, the pulmonary artery).A coronary artery fistula can also develop after birth. It may be caused by:An infection that weakens the wall of the coronary artery and the heartCertain types of heart surgeryInjury to the heartCoronary artery fistula is a rare condition. Infants who are born with it sometimes also have other heart defects.SymptomsInfants with this condition usually don't have any symptoms.If symptoms do occur, they can include:Chest discomfort or painEasy fatigueFailure to thriveFast or irregular heartbeat (palpitations)Shortness of breath (dyspnea)Signs and testsThis condition is usually not diagnosed until later in life. It is usually diagnosed during tests for other heart diseases. However, the doctor may hear a heart murmur that will lead to the diagnosis with further testing.Tests to determine the size of the fistula include:An x-ray of the heart using dye to see how and where blood is flowing (angiogram)Passing a thin, flexible tube into the heart to evaluate pressure and flow in the heart and surrounding arteries and veins (cardiac catheterization)Ultrasound exam of the heart (echocardiogram)Using magnets to create images of the heart (MRI)TreatmentA small fistula that is not causing symptoms usually will not need treatment. Some small fistulas will close on their own. Often even if they do not close, they will never cause symptoms or need treatment.Infants with a larger fistula will need to have surgery to close the abnormal connection. The surgeon closes the site with a patch or stitches.Another treatment plugs up the opening without surgery, using a special wire (coil) that is inserted into the heart with a long, thin tube called a catheter. After the procedure, the fistula will usually close in children.Expectations (prognosis)Children who have surgery usually do well, although a small percentage may need to have surgery again. Most people with this condition have a normal lifespan.ComplicationsAbnormal heart rhythm (arrhythmia)Heart attackHeart failureOpening (rupture) of the fistulaPoor oxygen to the heartComplications are more common in older patients.Calling your health care providerCoronary artery fistula is usually diagnosed during a doctor's exam. Call your health care provider if your infant has symptoms of this condition.PreventionThere is no known way to prevent this condition.ReferencesPark MK. Park: Pediatric Cardiology for Practitioners. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby; 2008.Reviewed ByReview Date: 02/07/2012Neil K. Kaneshiro, MD, MHA, Clinical Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine; and Michael A. Chen, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington Medical School, Seattle, Washington. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.
What causes tracheoesophageal fistula?
A fistula is an abnormal connection or passageway between two epithelium-lined organs or vessels that normally do not connect. If it happens between trachea and esophagus then it will be known as tracheoesophageal fistula.
What is a person with a blocked coronary artery most likely to suffer from?
Obviously coronary heart disease! A blocked coronary artery reduces blood flow & thus Oxygen to the heart which in turn causes Angina when a person will experience pain & breatlessness. Without treatment a blockage can cause a heart attack.
What is the importance of the coronary circulation?
Coronary circulation is the circulation of blood in the blood vessels of the heart muscle (the myocardium). The vessels that deliver oxygen-rich blood to the myocardium are known as coronary arteries. The vessels that remove the deoxygenated blood from the heart muscle are known as coronary veins.
What procedure improves the blood supply to the heart muscle?
intracoronary artery angioplasty with or without stenting, and coronary artery bypass surgery.
What is the function of the coronary blood supply?
The coronary blood supply is the arteries which supply the heart itself; in order for the heart to function it needs a good supply of oxygen just the same as any other organ/muscle. Without the coronary blood supply the heart would not be able to pump blood around the body, a disruption in this blood supply would cause a heart attack.
How is the patient positioned during coronary stenting?
The patient is instructed to stay flat in bed without bending the legs so that the artery can heal from the insertion of the catheter
Why do patients have to lay down after coronary stenting?
The patient is instructed to stay flat in bed without bending the legs so that the artery can heal from the insertion of the catheter.
Why do patients have to remain lying down directly after coronary stenting?
The patient is instructed to stay flat in bed without bending the legs so that the artery can heal from the insertion of the catheter.
