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During the First Battle of Bull Run, both Union and Confederate forces employed a variety of artillery pieces, including field guns and siege artillery. Key types included the 12-pounder Napoleon, a smoothbore cannon favored for its range and effectiveness, and the Parrott rifle, which was a rifled artillery piece known for its accuracy. Additionally, both sides used 10-pounder and 20-pounder Parrott rifles, as well as howitzers. The effective use of artillery played a significant role in the battle's outcome.

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