Many Aztec people were actually killed by the diseases that the European men brought over with them. Because the Aztecs had never been exposed to European diseases, they had no immunity to them. Many of the Aztecs contracted diseases like Smallpox from the European soldiers and died from illness as opposed to actually casualties of war.
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Smallpox killed off 90 percent of the population of Aztecs. Also he had better weapons and was more skilled in the art of war. But there are other mysteries surrounding this that historians still have yet to discover. Cortes was aided by the Native tribes the Aztecs had conquered.
Hernán Cortéz was the Spanish Conquistador leader who eventualy overthrew the Aztec civilization. At first when Cortéz arrived in Tenochtitlan, the Aztecs thought he was their god Quetzacoatl. Therefore, Cortéz was able to work his way to the downfall of the aztecs but was then chased out of the city when the Aztecs figured out that Cortéz was not their god Quetzacoatl. When Cortéz left, he also left behind diseases common to the Spanish such as smallpox which led to the downfall of the Aztecs. I'm sure there are many small details I left out, please correct if you know any more information!! xD
More powerful weapons
The Spanish had superior weaponry, but the Aztecs had many more people, and the Spanish had to flee a few times, or ally with natives, in order to take over. They also did lots of tricky things like kidnapping and giving permission for celebrations and then turning them into massacres. I don't think that there was ever much doubt that they would eventually overcome; just they had to change their timing and alter their plans sometimes because of the strength of the natives.
tropical diseases