What was the q bomb?

Answer 1

The Q-bomb was a Superbomb that turned out to be a dud. It's from the film, The Mouse That Roared (1959) starring Peter Sellers. The film is about a poor country that goes to war against the U.S. hoping to loose and collect money to rebuild. Unfortunately by a fluke, they win.

or,

A next generation atomic weapon, suggested in some scientific journals as possible.

Essentially it is a weapon which somehow splits open protons to release their quarks, the subatomic particles which make up protons, in theory releasing masses of energy. (possibly about 1200 times more energy than an atomic bomb of similar size).