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In World War I, convoys were used primarily to protect merchant ships transporting vital supplies and troops across the seas. The risk of attacks from submarines, particularly German U-boats, necessitated the grouping of ships into organized fleets, escorted by naval vessels for defense. This strategy aimed to reduce losses and ensure the safe passage of goods and reinforcements, thereby maintaining supply lines critical to the war effort. Convoy systems proved effective, leading to a significant decrease in shipping losses.

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