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This is an opinion type question.The USSR made a great contribution to the defeat of Germany, however it is not true that they made a bigger contribution to the victory than all the other Allied nations.In fact, from August 1939 through June 22, 1941 the USSR was an ally of Hitler's Germany, and supplied much of Germany's food requirements! Even after the USSR was attacked by Germany, the USSR was not very cooperative with the other Allied Powers, and sometimes obstructive. They were also involved in the murder of Polish (Allied) military officers.The USSR suffered the most casualties of any Allied Power, fielded the largest Allied Army, and engaged the largest part of the German Army. However its contribution in terms of strategic airpower, seapower, logistics & economy were smaller than the western Allies. The USSR did not fight the Japanese until August 1945, when the Japanese were already defeated.
There may be several ways of answering this question. For instance, it could be argued that the destruction of the Graf Spee in 1939 was Germany's first defeat. I would say that Germany's first significant defeat was at Stalingrad in early 1943.
The United States and the USSR (Soviet Union). Great Britain and France were still considered part of the Big Four after the defeat of Germany, because they eventually had their own nuclear weapons.
The Cold War was basically a dispute between the US and the Soviet Union for the sole title of the world's only superpower. The Cold War was not literally a war, it was more of a verbal dispute and competition between the US and USSR. After WWII, the US and USSR emerged as the only two superpowers. They then fought for the spot of #1. So it was basically the US & their allies versus the Soviet Union & their allies. At this time, Germany was split into West and East Germany. West Germany was on the US side while East Germany was on the USSR side. They were involved because they were allies of either the US or USSR.
The defeat and surrender of Germany in May, 1945.