The US Iowa class battleships were, and remain, among the finest battleships ever built. But in a ship-to-ship confrontation, if such a thing had ever taken place, the edge would have to go to Yamato. The Yamato and its sister the Musashi were the largest battleships ever built, displacing almost 50% more than the Iowas. The Japanese super battleships also mounted the largest main battery ever afloat, with 18.1 inch main guns. No other ships were ever built with guns larger than those of the Iowas, which were 16 inch/50 caliber. Each of the Iowa's armor piercing shells weighed 2700 pounds, while those of Yamato and Musashi weighed 3200. The Japanese ships had thicker armor and comparable speed. In any head-to-head contest the weight of broadside and armor thickness would likely have been decisive.
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IJN Yamato and her sister IJN Musashi. Those two battlewagons were not just the biggest in the IJN, they were the biggest in the whole world.
By class, from newest to oldest: Iowa Class: USS Iowa: museum ship / mothballed (possible to reactivate in the future) USS Wisconsin: museum ship / mothballed (possible to reactivate in the future) USS New Jersey: museum ship USS Missouri: museum ship South Dakota Class: USS Alabama: museum ship USS Massachusetts: museum ship North Carolina Class: USS North Carolina: museum ship Pennsylvania Class: USS Arizona: sunken memorial (Pearl Harbor) New York Class: USS Texas: museum ship
The Iowa-class battleships, four of which were built: USS Iowa (BB-61) USS New Jersey (BB-62) USS Missouri (BB-63) USS Wisconsin (BB-64)
If you are talking about the unconditional surrender treaty the Japanese signed to end World War II, it was signed on the USS Iowa. Interesting note: American admiral Douglas MacArthur made the Japanese Emperor sign the document below one of the ship's 16-inch main guns.
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