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At the outbreak of the war, most of the best cavalry officers joined the Confederates. Southern boys were more accustomed to the riding and shooting life, and not surprisingly, the Confederate cavalry ran rings round the Union in the first half of the war.

There was a dramatic moment in May 1863 when the North suddenly pulled-off the most successful cavalry operation of all - a raid right down through the state of Mississippi that enabled Grant to cross the river unobserved by the garrison commander at Vicksburg. This not only helped to liberate the Mississippi and end the war in the West, but it was a triumph of good cavalry tactics in itself. The fact that it was led not by a West Point cavalryman but by a music teacher who was frightened of horses did not diminish the impact it made.

After that, Union cavalry began to show equal calibre, though the legendary cavalry leaders of the war are still the Confederate ones.

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