Republicans
african americans’ rights were limited by black codes.
African Americans' rights were limited by black codes
African Americans' rights were limited by black codes. < APEX >
southern banks struggled to support industrial development
In the 1870's, violent and unrelenting opposition in the South and the North's retreat from its commitment to equality (fueled by failures & economic woes), ended Reconstruction.The most overt and violent Southern opposition was strongly opposed by the North. But after the Grant administration successfully dismantled the worst groups (including the first version of the Ku Klux Klan), methods were mostly more subtle or covert. A turning point was the Mississippi elections of 1875 in which Southern Democrats developed a plan for intimidating Southern Republicans (esp. blacks) from voting, and stuffed ballot boxes liberally. When this "Mississippi Plan" succeeded it spread to other Southern states in the 1876 elections.One other factor strengthened the hand of Southern Democrats, viz., a successful campaign to discredit the Republican administrations in several states (which included a number of black elected officials) - accusing them of wild spending and corruption. There were just enough cases where this was true (though recent studies conclude many of these governments did quite a good job and corruption was limited) to make it an effective campaignFor its part, the North had tired of the large expense of blood & money to try to police the South. A serious depression beginning with the Panic of 1873 was one significant factor in this, along with the continued Southern opposition that required the stationing of Northern troops in Southern capitols to try to protect the rights of blacks. (The fact that these efforts seemed ineffective against such methods as the Mississippi Plan, and that there seemed to be no end in sight, caused even many Northerners sympathetic with the plight of the freedmen to give up.) The second term of the Grant administration (1873-77) was also much weakened in its enforcement efforts through internal scandals and the nations' economic woes.Formally, Reconstruction is regarded as having ended in 1877, when new President Rutherford B Hayes authorized the removal of the final troops from Southern capitols. But, in fact, Reconstruction had already ended in most states and, lacking Northern support, there was little choice in the matter. (Even Grant, a strong supporter of the 'Radical Reconstruction' program had acknowledged this in 1876.)In the 1870's, violent and unrelenting opposition in the South and the North's retreat from its commitment to equality (fueled by failures & economic woes), ended Reconstruction.The most overt and violent Southern opposition was strongly opposed by the North. But after the Grant administration successfully dismantled the worst groups (including the first version of the Ku Klux Klan), methods were mostly more subtle or covert. A turning point was the Mississippi elections of 1875 in which Southern Democrats developed a plan for intimidating Southern Republicans (esp. blacks) from voting, and stuffed ballot boxes liberally. When this "Mississippi Plan" succeeded it spread to other Southern states in the 1876 elections.One other factor strengthened the hand of Southern Democrats, viz., a successful campaign to discredit the Republican administrations in several states (which included a number of black elected officials) - accusing them of wild spending and corruption. There were just enough cases where this was true (though recent studies conclude many of these governments did quite a good job and corruption was limited) to make it an effective campaignFor its part, the North had tired of the large expense of blood & money to try to police the South. A serious depression beginning with the Panic of 1873 was one significant factor in this, along with the continued Southern opposition that required the stationing of Northern troops in Southern capitols to try to protect the rights of blacks. (The fact that these efforts seemed ineffective against such methods as the Mississippi Plan, and that there seemed to be no end in sight, caused even many Northerners sympathetic with the plight of the freedmen to give up.) The second term of the Grant administration (1873-77) was also much weakened in its enforcement efforts through internal scandals and the nations' economic woes.Formally, Reconstruction is regarded as having ended in 1877, when new President Rutherford B Hayes authorized the removal of the final troops from Southern capitols. But, in fact, Reconstruction had already ended in most states and, lacking Northern support, there was little choice in the matter. (Even Grant, a strong supporter of the 'Radical Reconstruction' program had acknowledged this in 1876.)
President Andrew Johnson
southern reconstruction
southern reconstruction
In this time the KKK was formed to keep former slaves from leaving and to terrorize them. Southern planters began to charge rent and limited movement.
Southern states passed racist Jim Crow Laws that limited African American freedoms and restricted many of the rights they had received under Reconstruction.
They lacked experience in living independently.
1. Southern states would be split into five military districts; and 2. Blacks would be free, but with limited citizenship rights.
Southern states typically favored candidates who supported states' rights, limited federal power, and the preservation of slavery. They often leaned towards candidates who championed agricultural interests and traditional Southern values.
The Mitsubishi 3.5L V6 is an interference engine. The 3.8 is not.
a limited government
The Reconstruction plan
the federal government should be limited in power