The lines you are referring to are called the Plimsoll mark, named after the gentleman that came up with the idea. They are present because in the early days of sailing and insurance. Unscrupulous companies would overload their vessels with cargo. The premise being if they completed the trip, they would do well, if they did not they were insured for the loss.
So Plimsoll decided to establish a line of the side of the vessel so that insurance inspectors (and incidentally everyone else) would know simply by sight if the vessel was loaded safely.
This had endured to modern times. You will see many different lines on the side of a vessel, they represent different areas of the worlds oceans that the ship may sail. The Highest or light loads are to carried in the North Atlantic Winter. With tropical locales allowing the ship to be loaded slightly heavier.
The biggest cargo ship in the world is slightly larger than the 2nd biggest cargo ship in the world. In other words, the 2nd largest cargo ship in the world is smaller than the biggest one.
The lines drawn around the hull of a ship near the water-line is called a "Plimsoll line". This horizontal line is easily seen when the ship is empty and therefore riding higher out of the water. The more cargo loaded into ship the deeper it sinks into the water, and a ship can only be loaded with cargo etc down to this line and no furthur. Before its introduction there was no safe-loading-line on a vessel to prevent overloading by unscrupulous owners.
sleep
taking cargo from a plane or ship and transfering it to another train or truck to be distributed.
change the center of gravity (or mass) [balast - keel - move cargo]
When cargo is added to a ship, the ship's center of gravity shifts, potentially affecting its stability and causing it to list to one side. This change in weight distribution can also impact the ship's draft and how it sits in the water. Adjustments may be needed to ensure the ship remains balanced and safe.
The port where the ship discharge cargo at her own cost and responsibility is liner out port. Zaman
The number of stops a cargo ship will make depends on how much cargo the ship has and how many places it has to deliver cargo.
the cargo hold
a cargo hold
Container ship.
The longitudinal center of floatation is important in draught surveys because it helps determine the ship's center of gravity, which influences how the ship floats and its stability. Knowing the center of floatation allows for accurate calculations of the ship's draught measurements, which are essential for ensuring the ship is loaded within safe limits and for determining cargo quantities.