At what altitude does the Earth's gravity no longer have an effect on the astronauts or the space shuttle?
I would guess about 10 days in a hyperbolic time chamber at 100x earths gravity. I would guess about 10 days in a hyperbolic time chamber at 100x earths gravity.
Astronauts in orbit are weightless, but not because they are beyond the pull of earth's gravity. If the moon, roughly 240,000 miles away, is within the influence of earth's gravity, so is an astronaut just a few miles up in comparison. Astronauts are weightless because they are in orbit, and being in orbit can be thought of very roughly as a special kind of freefall. They are held by gravity, but they are also moving along a path that keeps them from descending appreciably during their flight. If you remember clips you have seen of astronauts in the space station, floating freely, you can see how futile it would be to try to 'stand' on an ordinary house scale to measure how 'heavy' they are in pounds. But if you could sling an astronaut around on a kind of mass-measuring centrifuge (not too fast, of course) you would see that they are maintaining a healthy mass. Weight and mass are different measures, even if they seem to be indistinguishable on the earth's surface.
There isn't much gravity in empty space, but there is a great deal of gravity near planets, stars, moons and other celestial bodies. The moon has gravity because it has mass. Everything with mass has gravity (including you, albeit a VERY small amount). That's how the astronauts stayed on the moon, and the reason why their movements were slow because the moon has about 1/6 the amount of gravity as Earth.
Because technically he wasn't in space. He was on the edge of Earths atmosphere. so gravity was still in effect.
To fully escape earths gravity you would have to travel outside of this star system. While outside of our atmosphere you most certainly would feel a lot less of the effects of gravity, you would still be affected by it. Sincerely, Anon Ø
Astronauts travel in space and escape earth's atmosphere by wearing gravity resistant suits and traveling to outer space in a space shuttle that is insulated against the elements.
"at an altitude of 400 kilometres (250 miles), equivalent to a typical orbit of the Space Shuttle, gravity is still nearly 90% as strong as at the Earth's surface" -- Wikipedia: Earth's gravity # Altitude
rockets
Columbia was the first shuttle to enter orbit. This was the same shuttle that was destroyed during re-entry in January 2003, with the loss of seven astronauts.
17,500 miles per hour puts the shuttle in orbit. BUT the gravity is still there. I'm fact there is about 90% of the gravity while the shuttle is on the ground. That great rate of speed is required to keep the shuttle from falling back to earth. At that speed the shuttle is basically falling around the planet.
Rockets, the fire and gas propelled out the bottom make it rise.
There is no gravity in space but the shuttle stays in orbit because of the Earths gravity and inertia. The inertia keeps it going in a circular motion. In space the Earth's gravity is strong enough to hold something in orbit but not strong enough to pull it to Earth's surface.
Well they are used because without them the space shuttle would not be able to have enough force to escape the earths gravity when it was being launched.
Nothing keeps them from being pulled. Earth's gravity certainly pulls on them.
To escape the Earths gravity the shuttle goes 17,500 miles an hour. You can use that value to figure out how far it goes in 500 seconds.
free from the motion of earth
Although it reaches incredible speeds, a Space Shuttle is not going fast when it enters the atmosphere. The gravitational pull of Earth, or just gravity, are pulling down on the space shuttle with immense force.