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Brasilia officially succeeded Rio de Janeiro as Brazil's capital city on April 21, 1960. In 1956, Juscelino Kubitschek de Olveira [September 12, 1902-August 22, 1976], who was President of Brazil, 1956-1961, ordered the building of Brasilia to fulfill an article in Brazil's constiution. Dating from 1891, the article stated that the capital should be moved from Rio de Janeiro to a more central location within the country. It took 41 months to build Brasilia, from 1956 to 1960. Brasilia officially was inaugurated as the capital on April 21, 1960.

Rio de Janeiro had been the Brazilian capital from 1793 until 1960. Salvador was the first capital, from 1549 to 1793.

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