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As Achilles, leader of the Myrmidon armies, continued to sulk over his mistreatment by Agamemnon by withdrawing his troops from the assault on Troy, the Achaean (Greek) army suffered severe setbacks at the hands of Trojan defenders under Hector.

Patroclos, Achilles' best friend and servant, pleads with Achilles to allow him to wear Achilles' armour and lead the Myrmidons into battle, so as to inspire the Greeks and put fear into the enemy through this deception. Achilles agrees, but only on condition that Patroclos limit his efforts to staving off the attack and not to puruse the enemy any further.

Patroclos battles well, and the Achaeans achieve some success, however Patroclos disregards his promise to Achilles and proceeds to give chase to the Trojans until Hector confronts Patroclos, and slays him in the belief that it is Achilles. This becomes the turning point in the epic, where Achilles sets aside his petty quarrel with Agamemnon and returns to battle to take vengeance upon Hector.

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