The temperature of the atmosphere is an important aspect of the heat balance that must be maintained in the bodies of the astronauts. The shuttle provides temperature control within a range of 1 8°C to 27°C (64°-81 °F). Since there are differences in opinion over what temperature is the most comfortable to work in (just think of how some people you know feel really cold when others are warm), the astronauts onboard the shuttle can modify their own heat balance by selecting lighter or heavier clothing or by using individual air motion controls (fans). Thermal control in the shuttle is accomplished using radiators on the insides of the cargo bay doors that radiate the heat to space. The cargo bay doors are opened or closed, more or less, depending on the need to contain heat or release heat.
Information taken from: http://www.nsbri.org/humanphysspace/focus1/shuttle-frame.html
an astronaut.
Right now, Astronauts and Cosmonauts live inside the space station that orbits Earth.
because of unavailability of gravity.
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Because the Space Shuttle is facing upright on the launch pad, entering can be a challenging task--especially in the bulky Ascent and Entry space suits. Because of this, a group of technicians referred to as the closeout crew helps the astronauts board the shuttle. Astronauts and members of the closeout crew ride an elevator to the 195 ft level of the launchpad where they can access the hatch through a retractable arm that contains the White Room, which is a small environmentally-controlled chamber set adjacent to the hatch. Due to the white room's small size, only two astronauts can enter at a time. Inside the white room, technicians open the hatch and set removable boards over important space shuttle instrument panels (to prevent damage to vital switches and controls while the crew is climbing on board). The closeout crew then helps the crew put on their parachute packs, climb aboard, and strap in. Once all members of the crew are strapped in, the closeout crew ensures that everything is in order, removes the temporary boards from the instrument panels, and seals the hatch. A few minutes before liftoff, the arm containing the white room is retracted away from the space shuttle.
As the space shuttle orbits the Earth, both the shuttle and the astronauts inside experience the same gravitational acceleration towards the Earth. This gives the sensation of weightlessness because everything inside the shuttle is falling towards Earth at the same rate, creating the feeling of floating.
Astronauts ONLY survive inside their space suits. Basically the space suit acts like a small space craft by controlling the temperature, pressure, and supplying air for the person inside. Without it the astronaut would be dead within a few seconds.
Astronauts inside a falling shuttle experience weightlessness because they are in a state of free fall alongside the shuttle. This means both the astronauts and the shuttle are falling together at the same rate, so there is no sensation of hitting the ceiling despite the lack of gravity.
This is known as free fall or microgravity. In this state, astronauts and objects inside the shuttle experience a sensation of weightlessness because they are falling at the same rate as the shuttle around the Earth, creating the illusion of being in a state of weightlessness.
Space shuttles are pressurized so that the oxygen stays inside the shuttle.
Space shuttle astronauts in orbit do not hit their heads on the ceiling because they are in a state of free fall, experiencing microgravity. In this condition, both the astronauts and the shuttle are falling towards Earth at the same rate, creating the sensation of weightlessness. As a result, they float inside the shuttle and are not subject to the forces that would normally cause them to collide with surfaces.
The space shuttle uses its payload bay to carry and deploy satellites into space. Once the shuttle reaches the desired orbit, the robotic arm or astronauts inside the shuttle release the satellite into space.
The interior of a space shuttle consists of various sections, including the flight deck where astronauts pilot the shuttle, the mid-deck where crew can eat and sleep, and the payload bay where experiments and satellites are stored. The space shuttle is a complex spacecraft with multiple compartments designed to accommodate astronauts and carry out missions in space.
Astronauts work both inside and outside the spacecraft. Inside, they conduct various experiments, operate equipment, and communicate with mission control. Outside, they perform spacewalks to conduct repairs, maintenance, and install new equipment on the spacecraft.
Astronauts control temperature in space primarily through their spacesuits and the spacecraft's life support systems. Spacesuits are equipped with a Thermal Control System that includes layers of insulation and a liquid cooling and ventilation garment, which circulates water to absorb heat from the body. Inside the spacecraft, temperature is regulated using thermal insulation materials and active systems that manage heat exchange with the environment. These systems ensure that astronauts remain comfortable and safe in the extreme temperatures of space.
Yes, it affects all objects in space (and all objects have a gravity of their own, that grows with size/"weight"). The reason why people talk about "zero gravity" in the space station and shuttle is because both the shuttle and the people inside it are affected by the same amount of gravity, so relatively they are falling at the same rate. Hence people inside the shuttle will not be moving towards the edge of the shuttle due to gravity. Take a football (the shuttle) and a tennis ball (some people) and hold them at the same distance from the ground and then release them (withuot adding any force, just let go). You will see that both objects will be affected by gravity, but relatively the tennis ball and the football are moving at the same speed. Now imagine that the tennis ball was inside the football and voilá, you have the shuttle scenario. Obviously the space shuttle is not falling directly towards the earth, it is actually "falling past it" - something that scientists call "orbit".
Inside a spaceship, you need life support systems for air, temperature control, and waste management, navigation systems for guidance, propulsion systems for movement, communication systems for contact with mission control, astronauts, and other spacecraft, as well as provisions for food, water, and storage.