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When surveying using a "level" instrument , the "level" instrument is set-up and adjusted to level by adjusting the screws. When surveying you have an instrument person and a rod person. When trying to find the height of the instrument, the rod person places there rod over a "known" elevation, either a benchmark or a temporary benchmark that has a known elevation. To get the height of the instrument, you need to "shoot" the level to the rod person holding the rod on the known elevation, this is called the "Backsight". This elevation will be read by the instrument person, and recorded in the survey field book. This value backsight elevation will then be added to the known elevation of the benchmark or the temporary benchmark, to get the height of instrument.
HI = known elevation + BS Height
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