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You need to know the temperature of the reference junction and the voltage difference between the reference and sensing junctions.

First, you convert the reference temperature to a voltage using the reverse equation or table for your thermocouple type. Then you sum that voltage with the measured voltage. Finally, you convert the summed voltage back to a temperature using the equation or table for the thermocouple type you are using. If the reference junction is at zero degrees C, you can skip the reference summing part. Before computer processing was easy and cheap, the reference junction was often kept in an ice water bath for that reason.

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Q: How do you convert output voltage of thermocouple into temperature?
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