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Many scientists believe that's what happened to Mars, which shows evidence of having had flowing water and a thicker atmosphere a long time ago. Since it is so much smaller than Earth, the theory is that it cooled more quickly, causing the liquid iron around its core to solidify, causing the generation of its magnetic field to stop, causing it to start losing its water and atmosphere to the solar wind. So Earth would start to look like Mars. However, Earth's surface probably wouldn't look as rusty as Mars' because Earth's crust has only about 42% as much iron as the Martian crust.

It is also worth noting that if the interior of the Earth were to cool and solidify, the planet would cease to experience continental drift, volcanoes, or earthquakes. The hot springs of Iceland would go cold, and the thermal vent organisms in the ocean floor would die.

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