The most relevant quantity is the black hole's mass. Note that the black hole's diameter (the diameter of the event horizon, really) is directly proportional to its mass. The largest galactic black holes known seem to be around 20 billion solar masses. Check the Wikipedia "List of most massive black holes" for more details. Note that the mass of some of these black holes is not very well-known.
No. An atom-sized black hole would have a difficult time adding any mass because of its tiny size, and would be more prone to "evaporating" due to Hawking Radiation effects.
They don't "lead" anywhere. Any mass that falls into the black hole stays in the black hole. There is a theory that, in the case of rotating black holes, matter may emerge elsewhere from a "white hole". It's an idea that remains controversial and highly speculative.
A Schwarzschild black hole is a non-rotating black hole. The Kerr black hole is a rotating black hole. Since the latter is more complicated to describe, it was developed much later.A Schwarzschild black hole is a non-rotating black hole. The Kerr black hole is a rotating black hole. Since the latter is more complicated to describe, it was developed much later.A Schwarzschild black hole is a non-rotating black hole. The Kerr black hole is a rotating black hole. Since the latter is more complicated to describe, it was developed much later.A Schwarzschild black hole is a non-rotating black hole. The Kerr black hole is a rotating black hole. Since the latter is more complicated to describe, it was developed much later.
The current theory by Stephen Hawking is that black holes slowly "evaporate" over time; so if you are sucked into a black hole you are crushed to microscopic size and held in the black hole; and then billions of years later the elemental particles elements that were you are released back into space to be re-used for something else.
If you jumped into an "ordinary" Schwarzschild black hole, you would be crushed into a long line of particles, which means death by a black hole. If you jumped into a Kerr black hole, the same process may occur, but the only thing different is that a Kerr black hole spins, and a Schwarzschild black hole does not. That answer needs a bit more detail. Please use the "related link" below.
A black hole
None. There is no part of an atom that would not get pulled into a black hole.
The two parts of a black hole are the event horizon and the singularity. The event horizon is the "surface" of the black hole, and is imaginary. The event horizon's appearance is caused by the bending of light. The singularity is a point of space where everything that gets sucked in is crushed to about the size of an atom.
Basically none. No atom will survive the forces in a black hole. (However, all the mass that falls into the black hole will still be there.)
The material sucked in to a black hole becomes part of the black hole - that is, a black hole crushes matter to an nearly no size, at all.
Anything that goes into a black hole is destroyed, gone something like that. Not even light can escape the expansive gravity of a black hole.
It says "floof!"
Any matter that enters the black hole will be destroyed. Also, it will increase the black hole's size.
A black hole can definitely get to the size of a planet. The width of the largest known supermassive black hole is thought to be over ten times the size of the entire orbit of Neptune around our Sun.
No.
yes and no depends on size of hole :]
They don't "lead" anywhere. Any mass that falls into the black hole stays in the black hole. There is a theory that, in the case of rotating black holes, matter may emerge elsewhere from a "white hole". It's an idea that remains controversial and highly speculative.
If you are talking about a black hole, then you get squished into a ball smaller than an atom and keep going, or time can change.